The Subalpine Herb complex occurs predominantly on nutrient-rich, moist sites at high elevations in the ESSF biogeoclimatic zone of southern interior B.C. Common species in this community are Sitka valerian, fireweed, Indian hellebore, foamflower, arnica, twistedstalk, and woodrush. These herbs are variable in height, but  fireweed, Indian hellebore, and Sitka valerian commonly grow as tall as 1-2 m.

Herb species associated with the Subalpine Herb complex occur in the understorey of mature high-elevation ESSF forests, and increased light availability following harvest stimulates them to increase in size and abundance. Most of these herbs are rhizomatous, and can spread readily by vegetative means, especially if their root systems are disturbed during harvesting or site preparation. Ericaceous shrubs are also common in the understorey of ESSF forests, but if they are sparse or are set back by ground disturbance, a herb rather than a shrub community will develop. The Ericaceous Shrub complex tends to develop following winter-logging and the Subalpine Herb complex following summer-logging, but these communities can occur in a mosaic of patches on a single site. 

The Subalpine Herb complex has the potential to inhibit survival and growth of newly planted conifer seedlings, particularly on cool, steep, north-facing slopes. Most of the herb species associated with the community are taller than newly planted seedlings, and they can form a canopy that creates dense shade and prevents soils from warming above critical thresholds for root growth and water and nutrient uptake. Newly planted seedlings are also easily damaged by snow- and vegetation-press, particularly after low-light conditions have reduced their vigour.